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About the book:This chapter excerpt on (download PDF) is taken from the book. This book covers key topics for solutions providers, including customizing Windows 7; monitoring, tuning and optimizing Windows performance; securing Windows 7; and using its power tools. Author Paul McFedries introduces new styles and techniques to troubleshoot Windows 7 and automate administration. Close all programs - You can often fix flaky behavior by shutting down all your open programs and starting again. This is a particularly useful fix for problems caused by low memory or low system resources. Log off Windows 7 - Logging off clears the RAM and so gives you a slightly cleaner slate than merely closing all your programs.

Reboot the computer - If there are problems with some system files and devices, logging off won't help because these objects remain loaded. By rebooting the system, you reload the entire system, which is often enough to solve many computer problems. Turn off the computer and restart - You can often solve a hardware problem by first shutting your machine off. Wait for 30 seconds to give all devices time to spin down, and then restart.

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Check connections, power switches, and so on - Some of the most common (and some of the most embarrassing) causes of hardware problems are the simple physical things. So, make sure that a device is turned on, check that cable connections are secure, and ensure that insertable devices are properly inserted.More Troubleshooting ToolsWindows 7 comes with diagnostic tools - together, they're called the Windows Diagnostic Infrastructure (WDI) - that not only do a better job of finding the source of many common disk, memory, and network problems, but can detect impending failures and alert you to take corrective or mitigating action (such as backing up your files). The next few sections describe these tools.Running the Windows 7 TroubleshootersWindows Vista introduced the idea of the troubleshooter, a Help system component that offered a series of solutions that led you deeper into a problem in an attempt to fix it.

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In Windows 7, the troubleshooters have been beefed up and given their own home within the Control Panel interface. To see the, select Start, type trouble, and then choose Troubleshooting in the search results. The Troubleshooting window (see Figure 21.5) is divided into several categories (Programs, Hardware and Sound, and so on), each of which offers a few links to general troubleshooting tasks.Note, too, the Get the Most Up-to-Date Troubleshooters check box at the bottom of the window. If you leave that option activated, and then click a category, Windows 7 queries the Windows Online Troubleshooting service for the latest troubleshooting packs, and then displays the complete list for that category. For example, Figure 21.6 shows the troubleshooters that were available for the Programs category as I wrote this.TIPIf you want to see all the available troubleshooters, click the View All link in the Troubleshooting window.FIGURE 21.5 Windows 7's new Troubleshooting window offers links to various troubleshootingcategories and tasks.FIGURE 21.6 Click a category to see its available troubleshooters.Understanding Disk DiagnosticsA hard disk can suddenly bite the dust thanks to a lightning strike, an accidental drop from a decent height, or an electronic component shorting out. However, most of the time hard disks die a slow death.